Canterbury Region

Akaroa Head Reserve lava flows. Map: N37; Classification: C3. Significance: Lava flows containing gabbro and syenite nodules.

Alexandrina eskers. Map: I37; Classification: B3. Significance: An example of a feature rare to New Zealand.

Annandale (Mt Cookson) karst, Waiau. Map: N32; Classification: B3. Significance: Best tomo development in eastern South Island north of Pareora.

Ant Stream alluvial terraces. Map: L33; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent, little modified example of alluvial terraces. A sequence of about eight terraces exists. Soils record sequence of downcutting of Pleistocene terrace.

Arthurs Pass terminal moraine loop. Map: K33; Classification: C3. Significance: Very well preserved terminal moraine loop with radiocarbon date. A double moraine loop encloses a swamp. Radiocarbon date indicates ice from upper Otira Valley extended to here about 5500 years ago.

Ashburton River mouth hapua and gravel barrier. Map: L37; Classification: C2. Significance: One of the most unstable river mouths along the east coast of the South Island, showing the dynamic nature of hapua and long-shore-drift-initiated gravel barriers.

Ashburton River rock avalanche splash. Map: J35; Classification: A2. Significance: A very small rock avalanche splash, important as it is below what was thought to be the critical size for such a mass movement.

Ashley Fault. Map: M34; Classification: C3. Significance: Late Quaternary traces of the Ashley Fault. Traces show minor S side stepping of the fault and graben formation. Sense of vertical displacement N side up (W of graben) and S side up (alongside and E of graben). RL bend in stream across fault.

Ashley River barrier-enclosed estuary system. Map: M34; Classification: C2. Significance: One of the most complex river mouths on the Canterbury coast, indicating lateral channel instability.Traces show minor S side stepping of the fault and graben formation. Sense of vertical displacement N side up (W of graben) and S side up (alongside and E of graben). RL bend in stream across fault.

Avoca Point unconformities, Kaikoura Peninsula. Map: O31; Classification: B2. Significance: Well-seen, easily accessible and unique exposure of three unconformities in condensed Paleocene-Eocene section.

Awahokomo karst pinnacles, Kurow. Map: I40; Classification: C1. Significance: Farthest inland (west) exposure of Otekaike Limestone (approximate limit of marine transgression in area). Spectacular karstic pinnacles. Tops of pinnacles form special plant habitat for several native plants on critically endangered list.

Awatere Fault, Lake Tennyson, Maling Pass. Map: M31; Classification: C3. Significance: Offset moraines (RL) and earthquake triggered landslides along the Awatere Fault.

Balmacaan middle Triassic faunas. Map: J36; Classification: A3. Significance: Torlesse rocks with middle Triassic faunas including ammonoids. Important in international correlation.

Ben Ohau rock glacier. Map: H37; Classification: C3. Significance: One of the best examples of a small rock glacier in the Southern Alps.

Ben Ohau vein, folds and fault structures. Map: H36; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent exposures of deformation in metagreywackes.

Benmore Dam faulted greywacke. Map: H39; Classification: C2. Significance: A good example of structure within the Torlesse terrane.

Benmore Permian fusulinids. Map: I39; Classification: A3. Significance: One of only three fusulinid foraminifera localities in New Zealand.

Black Forest pillow lava. Map: I39; Classification: C3. Significance: Pillow lava with prominent marginal spherulitic structures and in thin section spectacular dendritic pseudomorphs after olivine.

Black Jacks Triassic fossil macroflora, Benmore Dam. Map: H39; Classification: B3. Significance:

Blackwater Lakes. Map: L34; Classification: C3. Significance: A number of lakes occupying hollows left after the retreat of the Blackwater advance of the Otira glaciation, approximately 20,000 BP.

Bland's Bluff paleokarst, Mt Somers. Map: K36; Classification: C5. Significance: Classic exposure of paleokarst and shoreline sedimentary facies. Now destroyed by quarry "remedial" smoothing.

Blue Cliffs Miocene macrofossils. Map: J39; Classification: B2. Significance: Diverse macrofauna and holostratotype of Otaian Stage.

Blue Slip, Kekerengu. Map: P30; Classification: C3. Significance: Good representative example of a coastal slip, involving montmorillonite clays.

Braemar Road rock glacier. Map: I37; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of an inactive rock glacier.

Branch Stream faulted fan (Clarence Fault). Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent example of fault displaced alluvial fan.

Branch Stream gorge spring. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: A good example of a spring with a large flow of cold clear water.

Branch Stream river terrace. Map: P30; Classification: C3. Significance: A well developed stream terrace surface grading back into mountain ranges. An unusual feature in this area.

Broken River Cave, Castle Hill Basin. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance: Geomorphology, regional recreational significance.

Broken River landslide. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance:

Broken, Thomas and Porter River transgressive sequence. Map: K34; Classification: B1. Significance: Transgressive sequence from coal measures to mid-Tertiary limestone.

Brooklands Lagoon and reversed spit, Waimakariri River mouth. Map: M35; Classification: C2. Significance: Anomalous large spit extending northwards, opposite to the longshore drift direction.

Brothers Stream Oligocene fossils. Map: I40; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse Waitakian molluscan fauna.

Bullock Creek debris flow. Map: M34; Classification: B3. Significance: Very nice example of an eroding gully, debris flow and debris flow fan.

Burnt Hill Miocene macrofossils. Map: L35; Classification: B2. Significance: Diverse Waiauan macrofauna.

Bush Stream stilpnomelane. Map: H37; Classification: C3. Significance: One of the region's best occurrences of stilpnomelane-bearing schist.

Cameron Valley moraine loop. Map: J35; Classification: B3. Significance: A good example of a moraine loop in terminal moraine.

Campbells Park School Oligocene molluscan fossils. Map: I40; Classification: B3. Significance: Very diverse Waitakian molluscan fauna.

Canterbury prehnite-pumpellyite facies. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of prehnite-pumpellyite facies metamorphism.

Canterbury Provincial Buildings. Map: M35; Classification: B2. Significance: Best example of use of local stone in early European buildings. Contains examples of wide variety of volcanic and sedimentary stones.

Carneys Creek Triassic Torlesse macrofossils. Map: I35; Classification: B3. Significance: Rich Torlesse macrofauna.

Carriage Drive alluvial fan. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: Unusually good example of high level remnants of an alluvial fan.

Carriage Drive fault trace. Map: K35; Classification: C2. Significance: Very recent fault trace in accessible area.

Carrington Peak moraine. Map: K33; Classification: B3. Significance: A series of at least 5 closely spaced "Little Ice Age" (1750 AD) moraines on the lip of a glacially cut bench at the head of Waimakariri River.

Cass-Harper fault system. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance: Spectacular late Quaternary NE trending fault traces of the Cass-Harper fault system.

Castle Hill Basin karst. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance: Spectacular karst and hogback ridges developed on limestone over basalt, within a remarkable thrust-bound tectonic basin. Includes remnants of ancient Maori rock art. A 362 m long cave is one of the most outstanding natural features in the Canterbury region.

Castle Rock trachyte intrusion, Lyttelton Volcano. Map: M36; Classification: A3. Significance: A well exposed trachyte dome with fanning columnar joints and good intrusive contacts.

Catholic Cathedral, Christchurch. Map: M35; Classification: C2. Significance: One of the most ornately carved Oamaru Stone buildings in NZ.

Celmisia Flat moraine wall. Map: H36; Classification: B2. Significance: A very good example of a moraine wall.

Charwell River faulted terraces (Hope Fault). Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Good example of lateral fault displacement of terraces and channels.

Cheviot coast pillow lava. Map: O33; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of large pillows with radial jointing.

Christchurch State Insurance building. Map: M35; Classification: C1. Significance: Best example of use of Bluff Norite panels on a New Zealand building, as well as examples of the use of other local rock types.

Christchurch's first water supply well. Map: M35; Classification: C3. Significance: Site of the first public water supply well in Christchurch.

Church of the Good Shepherd, Tekapo. Map: I37; Classification: C2. Significance: Well known example of a building made of greywacke.

Clarence River delta and ventifacts. Map: P30; Classification: C2. Significance: A large symmetrial and classic cuspate delta composed of greywacke gravel and boulders. South of the river mouth sand dunes contain limestone cobbles and boulders which have been ventifacted.

Clarence River dikes and sills. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: Best exposure of Grasseed Volcanics.

Clarence Valley Cretaceous fossil Trigonid beds. Map: O31; Classification: B3. Significance: One of best preserved and richest Cretaceous trigonid localities in New Zealand.

Clent Hills Jurassic macroflora. Map: J36; Classification: B3. Significance: Well-preserved Jurassic macroflora in Clent Hills Group.

Clifton sea cliffs and Shag Rock stack. Map: M36; Classification: C3. Significance: Prominent sea cliff of basaltic lava and tuff dominating the landscape of coastal suburbs of Christchurch. Shag rock is a prominent and significant marine stack.

Coleridge Creek Oligocene molluscan fossils. Map: K34; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse Duntroonian-Waitakian molluscan fauna.

Conical Hill rhyolite columns. Map: M36; Classification: C2. Significance: Interesting exposure of inclined cooling columns in rhyolite.

Conway coast Holocene fossil forest. Map: O32; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent, easily accessible and visual example of a Holocene fossil forest buried and preserved by coastal sediment.

Conway coast Pleistocene fan delta sediments and trace fossils. Map: O32; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent exposures of uplifted late Pleistocene near-shore deltaic gravels and inter-delta sandstones with slump and water expulsion structures and some of best 3D exposures of shallow marine trace fossils in New Zealand.

Conway coast uplifted marine terraces. Map: O32; Classification: C3. Significance: Sequence of 6 marine terraces of Waiwheran-Holocene age uplifted up to 300 m (Tarapuhi Terrace) and tilted to the N.

Cookson dolerite feeder. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Well exposed dolerite feeder plug.

Copland Pass schist section. Map: H36; Classification: B3. Significance: A section containing both soft sediment and metamorphic structures.

Corbies Creek Triassic macrofossils. Map: H40; Classification: B3. Significance: Rich Triassic macrofaunas in Torlesse.

Counting Stream basanitoid. Map: N32; Classification: C3. Significance: Contains mantle xenoliths.

Coverham Cretaceous fossils. Map: P30; Classification: B3. Significance: Holostratotype of disused Coverian Stage. Type locality of various macrofossil species, rich ammonite faunas.

Cow Stream Springs. Map: M31; Classification: C2. Significance:

Cox River rockslide. Map: L33; Classification: B3. Significance: A good example by New Zealand standards.

Craigieburn pinnacles. Map: K34; Classification: C2. Significance: The best local example of this feature. Formed by the erosion of Tertiary conglomerates.

Crooked Spur moraines. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Large latero-terminal moraines of a Pleistocene valley glacier, best preserved example in the Two Thumb Range on the south side of the Rangitata River.

Curiosity Shop fossiliferous sequence and unconformities. Map: K36; Classification: B2. Significance: An otherwise unknown unit (Highbank Sandstone) beneath the Otekaike Limestone, the southern most occurrence of Berrydale Greensand(?) on a rubbly contact on Otekaike Limestone, and a top unit of Curiosity Shop Sandstone with good shallow marine sedimentary structures. Beautifully preserved molluscs, echinoids and shark teeth.

Dart Stream fault exposure (Clarence Fault). Map: O30; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent exposure of high angle reverse fault plane.

Dashing Rocks loess, Timaru. Map: K39; Classification: A2. Significance: Internationally famous loess section - the site where John Hardcastle observed and was 75 years ahead of anyone else in the world in describing loess stratigraphy and recognising the sequence as a record of past climates. Here he also was the international trail-blazer in proposing the event-sequence approach to understanding loess deposit formation and the first to describe fragipans (characteristic hard layers) in loess. Of great significance in the history of international earth science.

Deadman Stream Miocene debris flows. Map: P30; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent section through representative beds of Great Marlborough Conglomerate.

Deans earthflow complex. Map: M34; Classification: B3. Significance: A series of earthflows important due to being one of the best New Zealand examples - particularly significant as a South Island example.

Deans limestone pavement, Waipara. Map: M33; Classification: C2. Significance: The best example of proto-karst pavement developing on one of many limestone dip-slopes in the Weka Pass area. Easily visible from Ram Paddock Road.

Denny Stream alluvial fans. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Exceptionally well developed and preserved Holocene alluvial fans with characteristic form.

Devils Gap intrusions. Map: N37; Classification: C3. Significance: Good examples of trachyte plugs.

Diamond Slip bipyramidal quartz. Map: K36; Classification: C3. Significance: Location of unusual bipyramidal crystals of quartz, mistaken for diamonds in 1860s.

Double Corner Miocene shellbeds. Map: N34; Classification: C3. Significance: Diverse Waiauan molluscs.

Double Hill roche moutonnee. Map: K35; Classification: C3. Significance: Outstanding hill of greywacke basement sticking up through Rakaia valley terraces.

Douglas moraine wall. Map: H36; Classification: B3. Significance: A spectacular and well defined moraine wall.

Dovedale Stream Upper Cretaceous to mid-Tertiary sediments. Map: N34; Classification: C3. Significance: Good section through North sequence.

Dryburgh Fault. Map: I40; Classification: C3. Significance: Major reverse fault system in the Waitaki Basin, with obvious topographic expression and Quaternary offset. System of splay faults form a zone c.500 m wide, where Tertiary sediments overthrust Quaternary gravels and greywacke overthrusts Tertiary along moderately steep angle contacts (55 degrees). Extensive crush zones in greywacke.

Dubious Flat fault trace. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of fault trace and sag pond.

Earthquakes Oligocene fossiliferous sediments. Map: I41; Classification: B3. Significance: Important reference section for Otekaike Limestone and regional intra-Oligocene unconformity. Good vertebrate fossil locality in Kokoamu Greensand bed.

Ellangowan trachyte dome. Map: N36; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of a trachyte dome.

Esk Head Melange. Map: M34; Classification: C3. Significance: A prime example of Esk Head Melange.

Esk Head Station cob homestead. Map: M33; Classification: B2. Significance: An excellent example of cob (and some pise de terre) homestead construction.

Esk Head Triassic mollusc fossils. Map: L33; Classification: B1. Significance: Unique association of the molluscs Monotis, Halobia and Manticula in same limestone block.

Ethelton School Miocene shellbed. Map: N33; Classification: C3. Significance: Rich and diverse Tongaporutuan fauna. One of best in Canterbury.

Euscalpellum locality (Paleocene "barnacle" stalks). Map: M34; Classification: A3. Significance: Unique occurrence of abundant "barnacle" stalks of international interest. One of few Paleocene macrofossil localities in New Zealand.

Evan's Crossing Eocene macrofossils. Map: J39; Classification: B2. Significance: Diverse mid Eocene macrofauna in New Zealand, in glauconitic sandstone.

Eyre River Eocene foraminifera. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: Only large foraminifera in New Zealand of Mangaorapan age.

Falling Mountain complex landslide. Map: K33; Classification: B3. Significance: A spectacular example of a complex landslide.

Flock Hill box syncline. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of fault controlled drape fold in a thrust bound late Cenozoic basin.

Flock Hill solifluction features. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance: Solifluction features and limestone block fields existing alongside rockfalls and topples.

Foveran sarsen stones. Map: I40; Classification: C3. Significance: Remnant Sarsen stones after stripping off of Tertiary cover. Particularly good example of an extensive group of Sarsen stones.

Fox's Peak Fault, Dobson skifield to Firewood Stream. Map: I37; Classification: C3. Significance: Example of progressive vertical displacement of late Quaternary terraces on the S part of the Fox's Peak Fault. Maximum displacement of 8 m (W side up) and youngest terrace offset of 0.5 m. Terraces generally younger than 16000 years. Regarded as a reverse fault, with traces distributed across a c.2 km wide zone.

Fox's Peak Fault, Tasman Ski Club. Map: J37; Classification: C3. Significance: Example of active traces in basement, and range front "scalloped" nature of the Fox's Peak reverse fault in the N.

Gebbies Pass Cretaceous plant beds. Map: M36; Classification: C2. Significance: Only Cretaceous macroflora for 60 km. Important in dating earliest Banks Peninsula volcanics.

Gebbies Pass obsidian hill. Map: M36; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of banded obsidian representing the roots of a rhyolite dome and interesting geomorphology of weathered rhyolites.

Glen Muick discordant beds. Map: N33; Classification: C2. Significance: Evidence for deformation during Pliocene.

Glenafric Miocene crab fossils. Map: N34; Classification: B1. Significance: Common large crabs in weathered concretions, Tumidocarcinus giganteus.

Glenfalloch Stream Permian fusulinid locality. Map: J35; Classification: B2. Significance: One of only three fusulinid foraminifera localities known in New Zealand.

Glenmark Limestone Miocene mollusc and bryozoan fossils. Map: M34; Classification: A3. Significance: Diverse Waiauan molluscs. Abundant and well-preserved bryozoans.

Glenmore Station kame. Map: I37; Classification: B3. Significance: A very large example of kame - the best in New Zealand.

Glenstrae Pleistocene fossils. Map: O32; Classification: B3. Significance: Most diverse bathyal Pleistocene fauna in New Zealand.

Glentanner Syncline. Map: H37; Classification: C2. Significance: An example of late deformation of the Alpine Schists.

Godley River debris covered glacier. Map: I36; Classification: B3. Significance: A debris covered glacier.

Goldney Hill rock avalanche deposit. Map: K35; Classification: A3. Significance: The largest rock avalanche deposit in the central Southern Alps. Viewed from point K34962702 it is one of the most impressive in New Zealand. Its accessibility, and excellent preservation of collapse features, lithological trains, swash marks and thin lobes make it internationally important. The feature is a 500 000 000 cubic metre deposit of a rock avalanche which fell from the western flanks of Craigieburn Range about 350 years ago.

Greenwood Formation Pliocene fossils. Map: N34; Classification: C3. Significance: Best of very few late Pliocene shallow-water faunal localities in North Canterbury.

Haeckel Fold, Murchison Valley. Map: I36; Classification: C3. Significance: An example of macroscopic folding.

Haehae Te Moana Permian fossils. Map: J37; Classification: B3. Significance: Richest Permian fauna in Torlesse rocks.

Hakatere kettle lakes. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent examples of kettle lakes, left by receding glacier.

Hamner Springs. Map: N32; Classification: C1. Significance:

Happy Valley fault exposure (Hope Fault). Map: P30; Classification: C3. Significance: Large exposure of Kekerengu Fault where history of late Quaternary fault motions can be seen.

Hapuku River faulted terraces (Hope Fault). Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Excellent site to study the displacement and timing of movement on one of New Zealand's most active faults.

Harman Pass block field. Map: K33; Classification: B3. Significance: Very large and distinct example of a block field.

Harper Hills Basalt. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: The youngest volcanics in Coalgate area.

Haumuri Bluff Upper Cretaceous sediments and fossils. Map: O32; Classification: B2. Significance: A classic locality exposing the late Cretaceous sequence of Marlborough. Holostratotype of Haumurian and Piripauan Stages. Type locality for many late Cretaceous molluscs and vertebrates. Well preserved macro and microfloral remains.

Hemphill alluvial fan. Map: H39; Classification: C3. Significance: A spectacular alluvial fan, the largest in Otago.

Hinds River Tertiary strata reference section. Map: J36; Classification: C2. Significance: Reference section through almost complete succession of Tertiary rocks in central Canterbury.

Hogs Back syncline. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of a vertical fold in a thrust bound late Cenozoic basin.

Holmes Bay cinder cone. Map: N36; Classification: C3. Significance: Well exposed and accessible section through a cinder cone.

Homebush brick, tile and pottery works, Glentunnel. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: The main brickpottery works in the area.

Hope Fault, Glynn Wye Station. Map: M32; Classification: A3. Significance: The site at which A. McKay recognised and mapped transcurrent faulting from the 1888 Amuri earthquake. This was the first recognition of transcurrent faulting in the world.

Hope Fault, Hope River faulted terraces. Map: M32; Classification: B2. Significance: Progressive RL displacement of late Quaternary terraces of 150 m and 1888 rupture of 2.6 m [Total RL displacement on fault c.20 km]. Graben formation and minor doming at en echelon stepsbends in fault trace (eg Glynnwye Lk depression). Smaller scale version of Hanmer basin.

Hope River Springs. Map: L32; Classification: C2. Significance:

Hundalee Hills deep sea canyon. Map: O32; Classification: B4. Significance: Preserved wall of late Pliocene deep sea canyon.

Hurunui River sandstone diapirs. Map: O33; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of diapirs recording episode of deformation.

Hurunui River Springs. Map: L32; Classification: C2. Significance:

Hurunui River, Ethelton Conglomerate. Map: N33; Classification: C3. Significance: Good exposures of sediments and facies of this age.

Jam Stream levees. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: Unusually well-defined levees on each side of the dry upper reaches of the Jam Stream, formed by debris flows.

Jam Stream sawcut gorge. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: An impressive, narrow and deep gorge.

Joseph Stream meanders. Map: I37; Classification: B3. Significance: Random walk meander.

Jumped Up Downs. Map: J35; Classification: C2. Significance: Excellent example of roche moutonnee.

Kaikoura beach ridges. Map: O31; Classification: B2. Significance: Beaches that record the history of tectonic uplift over the past several thousand years.

Kaikoura Inland Road Oligocene macrofossils. Map: N32; Classification: C3. Significance: Diverse and unusual shallow-water hard-bottom macrofauna at top of volcanics. One of few good localities for fossil Haliotids.

Kaikoura Peninsula raised marine terraces. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Easily observed sequence of four uplifted marine terraces.

Kaikoura Peninsula shore platform and folding. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Classic example of an extensive wave-cut platform in limestone bedrock. Exposed in the shore platform rocks is spectacular polyphase folding. A good example of deformation in the East Coast Deformed Belt, as well as a fine example of dome and basin, superimposed folds.

Kaitorete Barrier. Map: M37; Classification: B2. Significance: A 25 km long gravel-pebble barrier spit. Only significant dune system remaining intact on the entire east coast of the South Island, although many beach ridges have been culturally modified due to marram grass planting.

Kaiwara River sedimentary collapse structures. Map: N33; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent example of sandstone dikes and associated collapse structures.

Kaiwara Syncline Tertiary disconformities. Map: N33; Classification: B3. Significance: Exposures of two important disconformities (Dh-Dp and Ab-Po) and of clastic dikes.

Kakahu Bush lime kiln. Map: J38; Classification: C2. Significance: Well preserved example of 1880s lime kiln.

Kakahu Marble Carboniferous locality. Map: J38; Classification: B3. Significance: Only known Carboniferous sedimentary rocks in New Zealand. Dated by conodonts.

Kakahu River Eocene molluscan fossils. Map: J38; Classification: B1. Significance: Diverse Bortonian molluscan fauna.

Kings Cave, Pareora. Map: J38; Classification: C3. Significance: Fossil bird bone deposits.

Kirkliston Fault. Map: I39; Classification: C3. Significance: Zone of late Tertiary to late Quaternary deformation of up to 3 km in width, associated with range front (Kirkliston Range) reverse faulting, gently backtilted and offset fan surfaces, and deformed Tertiary and Quaternary sediments.

Kirkliston Range multicoloured metahyaloclastite. Map: I39; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent example of a lens of spectacular metamorphosed hyaloclastite pillow lava breccia.

Kohurau patterned ground. Map: I40; Classification: B2. Significance: Spectacular array of stone polygons and stone stripes.

Kokoamu Bluff Eocene-Oligocene unconformity and Oligocene brachiopods. Map: J40; Classification: B3. Significance: Mid Oligocene unconformity below brachhiopod-rich Kokoamu Greensand.

Lake Alexandrina moraine features. Map: I37; Classification: B3. Significance:

Lake Browning tarn. Map: K33; Classification: C3. Significance:

Lake Catherine alluvial fan. Map: K34; Classification: B3. Significance: A good example of an hour-glass alluvial fan damming Lake Catherine. The fan is virtually unmodified by erosion, so that all material eroded from Mt Ida is stored in the fan.

Lake Coleridge spillway channel. Map: K35; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent example of a spillway channel resulting from lake drainage and cut into outwash material. Channel carried water from Lake Coleridge when it was 10 m above its present level.

Lake Ellesmere. Map: M36; Classification: B2. Significance: By far the largest barrier-enclosed inlet in New Zealand.

Lake Forsyth barrier-dammed lake. Map: M36; Classification: C2. Significance: The only one of a number of deeply dissected drowned river valleys around the periphery of Banks Peninsula to be impounded by a gravel barrier to form a lake.

Lake Grasmere alluvial fan. Map: K34; Classification: B3. Significance: A good example of a high angle alluvial fan.

Lake Heron Fault, alluvial terrace offset. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Well-preserved example of active fault trace displacing alluvial terraces.

Lake Heron Fault, Ashburton River south branch. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Well-preserved example of active fault trace.

Lake Heron Fault, moraine draped scarps. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Late Otiran moraine draped fault scarps and 1 m (W side up) post moraine traces along the Lake Heron reverse fault.

Lake Heron glacial valley. Map: J35; Classification: B2. Significance: Spectacular intermontane valley with well preserved examples of landforms formed during a succession of glacial advances.

Lake Minchin debris dam. Map: L33; Classification: C3. Significance: Best example of a rock avalanche dammed lake in Canterbury.

Lake Pukaki lateral moraine. Map: H37; Classification: B3. Significance: A classic example because of the scale of moraine.

Lake Pukaki terminal moraine. Map: H38; Classification: B3. Significance: A well defined sequence of terminal moraine.

Lake Sumner Torlesse structures. Map: M32; Classification: B3. Significance: A good representative section of typical structures in Torlesse rocks.

Lake Tennyson. Map: M31; Classification: C2. Significance: A series of terminal moraines impounds Lake Tennyson with a subsequent moraine sequence up valley.

Lake Waitaki Oligocene fossils. Map: I40; Classification: B3. Significance: Well-preserved diverse Duntroonian molluscan fauna. Also Kekendon toothed-whale teeth.

Lakes Sumner, Katrine, Mason, Sheppard and Taylor. Map: L32; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent examples of lake features in a formerly glaciated environment. Lakes occupy bedrock hollows and are impounded by moraines or fluvioglacial deposits, originating from ice lobes of the Hurunui glacier.

Lambert gorge. Map: I35; Classification: C3. Significance: A very good example of a sawcut gorge.

Landslip Creek lateral moraine. Map: I37; Classification: B3. Significance: Superb example of lateral moraine, the best in New Zealand.

Le Bons Bay Peak basanite plug. Map: N36; Classification: C3. Significance: A basanite plug which contains abundant inclusions of ultramafic rocks.

Leader River Pleistocene macrofossils. Map: O32; Classification: B3. Significance: Only good Castlecliffian macrofauna in South Island.

Leamington mud volcano. Map: N33; Classification: C2. Significance: Best example of a mud volcano in Canterbury

Leamington River Miocene unconformity. Map: N33; Classification: C2. Significance: Excellent exposure of contact of coarse conglomerate (Tongaporutuan) on Cretaceous to Paleocene sandstone and greensand.

Leamington River Pliocene conglomerate. Map: N33; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent exposure of intraformational folding.

Lewis River Springs. Map: M32; Classification: C2. Significance:

Limestone Glens cannon-ball concretions. Map: N33; Classification: C2. Significance: Rare example of concretions in massive sandstone of Torlesse rocks.

Limestone Hill tuff and basalt. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: Type location of Grasseed Volcanics.

Linwood relict dune. Map: M35; Classification: C2. Significance: A relict dune from an ancient dune field - a good example of many such features in Christchurch.

Little Lottery River nephelinitoid. Map: N32; Classification: C3. Significance: Contains mantle xenoliths.

Long Hill terminal moraine and tarn. Map: L34; Classification: C3. Significance: Terminal moraine is poorly defined as it is covered by a post glacial tarn.

Lower Conway Railway Cutting Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Map: O32; Classification: C3. Significance: Good section through upper Cretaceous and Paleogene, including unconformity of Paleocene age (Teredo Limestone).

Lynton Downs faulted terrace (Hope Fault). Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Good example of displacement movement and rates on Hope Fault.

Lyttelton Harbour mud flats. Map: M36; Classification: C3. Significance: A very large and excellent example of mud flats.

Lyttelton Springs. Map: M36; Classification: C2. Significance:

Macaulay scree fault. Map: I36; Classification: C2. Significance: Fault trace that has displaced active scree surface. Rock avalanche occurs nearby (I36207263), and house-size boulders have fallen in the general Macaulay catchment within the last few years.

Malvern Hills Jurassic plant beds. Map: L35; Classification: B3. Significance: Well preserved fossil plant beds.

Maori Leap Cave, Kaikoura. Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Most easily accessible speleothem cave in north Canterbury. with excellent examples of stalactites and stalagmites.

Mathaias River Triassic macrofossils. Map: J34; Classification: A3. Significance: Rich Torlesse macrofauna including well-preserved Trigonia.

McCulloch's Bridge Eocene fauna and unconformity. Map: J40; Classification: B2. Significance: Extremely diverse Bortonian and Kaiatan molluscan faunas as well as boundary stratotype for these two stages and stratotype of disused Tahuian Stage. Unconformity marked by phosphatic concretionary layer, possibly correlated with a drop in sea level at 39.5 Ma.

McLean Stream offset terraces (Kekerengu Fault). Map: P30; Classification: C2. Significance: Good example of terraces offest by recent movement on the Kekerengu Fault.

Mead Stream Amuri Limestone. Map: P30; Classification: A3. Significance: Most complete documented sequence of 'Amuri Limestone' (Muzzle Group) including all constituent formations - Mead Hill Formation, Lower Limestone, Lower Marl, Middle Limestone, Upper Marl. Very complete latest Cretaceous to mid Eocene record, including well-defined K-T boundary defined by foraminifera, dinoflagellates and radiolarians. Only record worldwide of a thick chert unit in the basal Paleocene (30 m thick diatomite). Well-defined Late Paleocene unconformity at base of 2 m thick black siltstone between siliceous limestone.

Mikonui earth flow. Map: O32; Classification: C2. Significance: A good example of an earth flow.

Moncks uplifted sea cave, Moncks Bay, Christchurch. Map: M36; Classification: C1. Significance: An uplifted sea cave that contains important sedimentary records of sea level changes, tectonic uplift and Avon-Heathcote Estuary development extending back 4000 years.

Montserrat earth flow. Map: N34; Classification: C3. Significance: A heavily cravassed earth flow with headwall scarp preserved, and regressing upslope.

Motunau Beach Pliocene fauna and Pleistocene debris flows. Map: N34; Classification: A3. Significance: Diverse fauna of crabs and molluscs. Only Pliocene fossil penguin bones in New Zealand. Giant toothed seabird bones. Crabs and birds are Nukumaruan. A fossil underwater canyon, with Miocene boulders. Unconformably overlain by large scale Pleistocene debris flow deposits.

Motunau Island. Map: N34; Classification: C3. Significance: Largest of uncommon small islands and islets off the east coast of the South Island (excluding Marlborough Sounds area).

Motunau River gorge Oligocene trace fossils. Map: N34; Classification: A2. Significance: Excellent exposures of the trace fossil Zoophycos, in Oligocene limestone; consulted by international experts.

Mounds of Misery moraine. Map: L33; Classification: C3. Significance: A good example of Late Pleistocene moraine that is little modified. Moraine is from a lobe of ice from East Poulter that spilled into Nigger Stream about 14,000 years ago. As stagnant ice melted jumbled piles of moraine were formed.

Mt Alford Coal Measures. Map: K36; Classification: B3. Significance: Good exposure of a unit rarely found.

Mt Cass proto-karst. Map: N34; Classification: C2. Significance: Most extensive and the best example of a forested limestone left in the eastern South Island; includes many rare plants. Diverse proto-karst and best-developed clints in Eastern South Island.

Mt Edith patterned ground. Map: J37; Classification: B3. Significance: An area of patterned ground is covered in tussock and thus easily discernable.

Mt Enys scree slope. Map: K34; Classification: C3. Significance: A good example of very large scree slopes, avalanche chutes and talus fans.

Mt Fyffe Station faulted fan (Hope Fault). Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of a locality where slip rates have been determined from offset of a fan surface on the Hope Fault.

Mt Glenmary debris covered glacier. Map: H37; Classification: B3. Significance: A debris covered glacier.

Mt Hay axinite. Map: I37; Classification: C3. Significance: One of the most accessible and well exposed known occurrences of axinite.

Mt Horrible volcanics. Map: J39; Classification: C3. Significance: The youngest volcanics in the South Island.

Mt Joseph cirque. Map: I37; Classification: C3. Significance:

Mt Mason pillow lava. Map: M33; Classification: C2. Significance: Good example of upper Triassic pillow lava.

Mt Mason Triassic limestone. Map: M33; Classification: B3. Significance: Rich fauna of conodonts and the bivalve Monotis, not in melange sandstone.

Mt Olympus rock glacier. Map: K34; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent well preserved example of a rock glacier deposit with well developed transverse furrows.

Mt Potts Triassic fossil flora and fauna (Lizard Gully). Map: J35; Classification: B3. Significance: Rich Triassic macroflora and rich Torlesse macrofauna of brachiopods, bivalves, nautiloids and vertebrates.

Mt Potts Triassic plant beds (Tank Gully). Map: J35; Classification: B3. Significance: Well preserved fossil plant beds.

Mt Somers Paleogene tidal sand quarry. Map: K36; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent cutting through this feature; best in Canterbury.

Mt Somers volcanics. Map: K36; Classification: C3. Significance: Type area of Late Cretaceous Mount Somers Volcanic Group.

Mt Sugarloaf roche moutonnee. Map: J35; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent example of a roche moutonnee hill overidden by ice with classic asymmetric shape and glacial striations. Prominent peak at east end of Lake Heron.

Mt Sunday island. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: High island in Rangitata River valley composed of bedrock that has been overridden by the Rangitata glacier that has ice-sculpted the terrain.

Mt Vulcan rock block slide. Map: N34; Classification: C3. Significance: A good example of mass movement involving bentonite soils.

Mt White Station kame terraces. Map: L34; Classification: B3. Significance: Particularly good examples of kame terraces by New Zealand standards.

Multiple Dikes, Lyttelton Volcano. Map: M36; Classification: A2. Significance: Excellent example of multiple dike intrusions.

Napenape coastal landslide. Map: N33; Classification: C3. Significance: One of the best examples of semi-active bentonitic mass movement features in North Canterbury. One of the most photographed landslide scarps in New Zealand.

New Brighton sandspit, Christchurch. Map: M36; Classification: C2. Significance: Longest and most accessible spit in Pegasus Bay.

Nigger Stream moraine and terraces. Map: L33; Classification: C3. Significance: Good examples of glacial and fluvial landforms. Latero-terminal moraine loops record the extent of the Blackwater age ice advances. Nigger Stream has subsequently cut through this sequence forming a series of terraces.

North Kaikoura Peninsula Cretaceous hard-bottom fossils. Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Unusual relatively rich hard-bottom fossil fauna of late Creatceous age.

Ohinetahi Homestead, Governors Bay. Map: M36; Classification: C2. Significance: Only known building made of Allandale Rhyolite.

Okana River delta. Map: N36; Classification: B2. Significance: Best example of a cuspate delta in the South Island.

Okuku Triassic Monotis locality. Map: M34; Classification: B1. Significance: White blocks of limestone in melange, crammed with Monotis and many conodonts. Richest Monotis locality in Torlesse rocks.

Old Chemistry building, Christchurch Arts Centre. Map: M35; Classification: B2. Significance: One of the best examples of the use of a wide variety of local stones in a building.

Omarama badlands (Clay Cliffs). Map: H39; Classification: B3. Significance: Spectacular area of badlands, erosion features and earth pillars.

Onawe Peninsula, Akaroa Harbour. Map: N36; Classification: C2. Significance: Unusual narrow neck of land connects the mainland to a headland of igneous rock forming the peninsula.

Onawe Peninsula volcanic deposits. Map: N36; Classification: B3. Significance: Contains a wide variety of volcanic features in a compact area.

Onepunga Miocene bryozoan locality. Map: M34; Classification: B2. Significance: Exceptionally rich bryozoan limestone.

Opihi Lagoon and Harakeke Tautoro Island. Map: K38; Classification: B2. Significance: An excellent example of a mixed sand and gravel barrier island enclosing a rare distinctive type of lagoon.

Opihi taniwha rock drawing. Map: J38; Classification: B2. Significance: Well known prehistoric art site in South Canterbury.

Orari River mouth oxbow lagoons. Map: K38; Classification: B2. Significance: Curious and unusual oxbow remnants now forming coastal lagoons.

Ostler Fault zone, Ben Ohau Range foothills. Map: H38; Classification: B3. Significance: Faulted terraces, where scarps of Ostler Fault are adjacent to bedrock. Up to 15 m displacement on surfaces c.20000 years old.

Ostler Fault zone, 'The Knot'. Map: H39; Classification: A2. Significance: Example of variation in form of traces associated with reverse fault movement, including a major 90 degree bend ('The Knot'). Terraces have maximum scarp heights of 15 m on surfaces c.20000 years old. This site is monitored for precise strain measurements by the Earth Deformation Section, New Zealand Geological Survey.

Ostler Fault zone, Willowbank Saddle. Map: H39; Classification: B3. Significance: Oldest recognised surface that the Ostler Fault zone crosses (>120000 years), with 80 m vertical displacement and post glacial offsets along it's toe.

Ostler Fault, Ohau River faulted terraces. Map: H38; Classification: B3. Significance: Example of progressive displacement of late Quaternary terraces. Up to 21 m vertical offset (NW side up) on surfaces 20000 years old. Youngest terraces disturbed and some inundated by Lake Ruataniwha. This site is monitored for precise strain measurements by the Earth Deformation Section, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Ltd (New Zealand Geological Survey).

Otaio River Paleogene fossiliferous sediments. Map: J39; Classification: B2. Significance: Good exposure through Eocene to Miocene, including unconformities. Best documented upper Dannevirke molluscan fauna in New Zealand.

Oxford Oligocene Chalk Quarry. Map: L35; Classification: B1. Significance: Only macrofauna in Oxford Chalk, also rich planktonic microfossils. Of national importance for lithology, only NZ example of chalk.

Panama Rock and feeder dike, Akaroa Volcano. Map: N36; Classification: A3. Significance: Rare example of trachyte dome with well exposed feeder dike.

Parapet Rock offset fault trace. Map: K34; Classification: B2. Significance: A good example of strikeslip rotational faulting illustrated by an offset fault trace.

Pareora dolines. Map: J39; Classification: C3. Significance: Most spectacular sinkhole plains formed in Tertiary limestone in New Zealand.

Pareora Gorge pillow lava and banded chert. Map: J39; Classification: C2. Significance: Excellent example of pillowed metabasalt and associated banded chert and argillite with rare manganaxinite disseminations.

Pareora River Miocene molluscan fossils. Map: J39; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse well-preserved molluscan fauna.

Porters Pass Fault, Lake Coleridge faulted terraces. Map: K35; Classification: C3. Significance: RL displacement of late glacial terraces along the Porters Pass fault [RL strike slip fault]. Up to c.10.2 m RL and 6.6 m vertical (N side up) displacement of highest terrace.

Porters Pass Fault, Lake Coleridge power station trace. Map: K35; Classification: C3. Significance: SW extension of the Porters Pass Fault not previously mapped. Fault trace shows vertical displacement and surface en echelon features. Site extends to K35903597.

Porters Pass Fault, Otarama trace. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: Recent fault scarp (N side up) of the Porters Pass fault [RL strike slip fault].

Porters Pass Fault, Porters Pass-Lake Lyndon trace. Map: K35; Classification: C3. Significance: Recent fault scarps (S side up) and exposure of buried soils faulted against greywacke in crush zone along Porters Pass Fault [RL strike slip fault]. Obvious hillside scarps to the east near Lake Lyndon.

Poulter River terraces. Map: L34; Classification: C3. Significance: A well preserved sequence of terraces on the east side of the Poulter River recording progressive down cutting since the Pleistocene glaciation.

Poverty Flat fan and glacial lake shorelines. Map: L34; Classification: B2. Significance: Very well preserved example of a rare landform.

Pudding Hill Stream Triassic fossils. Map: K36; Classification: B3. Significance: Several localities containing faunas that show a relationship between Torlesse and non-Torlesse Triassic.

Pudding Valley landslide and dammed lake. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Well-defined rock avalanche that has dammed Lake Denny.

Pudding Valley mouth terraces and ice-sculptured terrain. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Complex landforms comprising overridden ice-sculptured terrain with spectacular river terraces, alluvial fans and fault scarps.

Puhi Puhi Syncline, Mt Alexander. Map: P31; Classification: C3. Significance: Very good geologic and geomorphic example of tight folding of infaulted resistant Cretaceous-Tertiary sediments along the foot of the Kaikoura Ranges.

Pulpit Rock intrusion. Map: N36; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of a trachyte plug-like intrusion.

Pyramid Valley Holocene swamp. Map: M33; Classification: B2. Significance: Well-known locality containing rich and diverse moa and bird bones, including numerous complete moa skeletons.

Quail Flat cookhouse, Clarence Valley. Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: A good example of a cob cottage still in use.

Quail Island volcanic features. Map: M36; Classification: B3. Significance: Compact area in which a wide variety of volcanic features can be observed.

Racecourse Hill outwash terrace. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: One of three remnants of an extensive outwash terrace from the oldest known ice advance (early Pleistocene) in the Waimakariri River. Racecourse Hill is close to the maximum extension of ice during this advance.

Ragged Range protalus rampart. Map: J34; Classification: C3. Significance: A particularly good example of a protalus rampart. Uncommon in New Zealand.

Rakaia Gorge and terraces, with amethyst and garnet-bearing rhyolites. Map: K35; Classification: A3. Significance: Extremely well preserved and text book example of a sequence of alluvial terraces, with spectacular exposures in road cuttings. Garnet-bearing rhyolites with some of the best examples of amethystine quartz in New Zealand.

Rakaia Gorge varves. Map: K35; Classification: B2. Significance: One of the best exposures and most easily accessible sites to view glacial lake varves in New Zealand.

Rakaia River braids. Map: L36; Classification: A3. Significance: International text book example of a braided river. Classifed as an extremely well defined landform of scientific/educational value.

Rakaia River multiple mouth spit lagoon. Map: L37; Classification: C2. Significance: One of the largest and most cited spit-lagoons (hapua) on the east coast of the South Island.

Rangitata ice-margin features. Map: J36; Classification: B3. Significance: A complete sequence of glacial features on valley side slope providing a record of ice levels during glaciation and deglaciation intervals in the Rangitata.

Rangitata outwash terraces. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent example of outwash river terracing (up to 7 in places)

Rangitata River mouth hapua. Map: K38; Classification: C2. Significance: One of the best examples of a fluvial-dominated spit-lagoon (hapua) along the Canterbury Plains coastline.

Rapaki Dike. Map: M36; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of a radial trachyte dike.

Raramai sea arch, Kaikoura. Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Excellent example of a scenic sea arch visible to travellers on SHW 1.

Redcliffs Stream Tertiary sequence. Map: K35; Classification: C3. Significance: Isolated infaulted block of Tertiary strata, overlain by high-level glacial morraine deposits.

Redcliffs uplifted sea caves, Christchurch. Map: M36; Classification: C4. Significance: Two uplifted sea caves that contain important sedimentary records of sea level changes, tectonic uplift and Avon-Heathcote Estuary development extending back 4000 years.

Remarkable Dikes. Map: M36; Classification: C3. Significance: Two thick trachyte dikes which form a prominant skyline feature.

Rocky Gorge coal measures. Map: J35; Classification: C3. Significance: Best exposures of facies of this age in western Canterbury.

Rubicon torrent rock slide. Map: H36; Classification: B3. Significance: One of New Zealand's most well defined rock slides.

Ryton Valley debris flow. Map: K34; Classification: A3. Significance: An internationally significant example of a debris flow.

Sawyers Creek faulted terrace (Hope Fault). Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Clear example of displacement of a late Quaternary terrace on the Hope Fault.

Scenery Nook Strombolian cone. Map: N37; Classification: B3. Significance: Superb section through a Strombolian cinder and tuff cone.

Selwyn River birds-foot delta. Map: M36; Classification: B2. Significance: Only substantial birds-foot delta in a coastal environment in New Zealand.

Seymour Stream basalt flows and coal measures. Map: O31; Classification: B3. Significance: Well exposed sequence of Cretaceous non-marine sediments and overlying basalt flows.

Seymour Stream complex landslides. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of complex landslides.

Seymour Stream dip slope. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of a dip slope hillside developed on tilted lava flows.

Sheffield Hill outwash terrace. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: One of three remnants of an extensive outwash terrace from the oldest known ice advance (early Pleistocene) in the Waimakariri River.

Sisters Creek Oligocene fossils. Map: I40; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse Waitakian macrofauna including whales, brachiopods and corals.

Smite River Oligocene fossil shark teeth. Map: J35; Classification: C3. Significance: Abundant shark teeth in greensand. Locality originally collected by Haast.

South Kaikoura coastal features. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of steeply cliffed coast, rocky headlands and stacks, appreciated by all users of highway 1.

South side Kaikoura Peninsula Marshall Paraconformity. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: One of best and most easily accessible exposures of Marshall Paraconformity within Oligocene sequence.

Springfield Hill outwash terrace. Map: L35; Classification: C3. Significance: One of three remnants of an extensive outwash terrace from the oldest known ice advance (early Pleistocene) in the Waimakariri River.

Spy Glass former sea arch. Map: O32; Classification: C3. Significance: A prominent and attractive feature eroded along joints through muddy limestone. Arch collapsed in 2007 leaving a tall spire.

Squires Farm Oligocene Marshall Paraconformity. Map: J39; Classification: B3. Significance: Type section of the nationally important Oligocene Marshall Paraconformity. Rich unusual brachiopod fauna.

St Anne's Church, Pleasant Valley. Map: J38; Classification: C2. Significance: Rare, if not unique example of cob construction in a church in New Zealand.

St Mary's Church, Timaru. Map: K39; Classification: C2. Significance: Most prominent building made of Timaru Basalt.

Staveley lime kilns. Map: K36; Classification: C2. Significance: A good example of historic lime kilns.

Stour River West Branch U-shaped glacial valley. Map: J36; Classification: C3. Significance: Excellent example of a U-shaped glacial valley, especially visible from Mt Somers track.

Sutherlands Miocene molluscan fossils. Map: J38; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse well-preserved Altonian molluscan fauna.

Swin River alluvial fan. Map: J35; Classification: B3. Significance: A fan drains both to NW (most active) into Rakaia catchment via Lake Heron and to the SW into the Ashburton River catchment. Unusual for a fan to be at drainage divide.

Takiroa shelter rock drawings, Waitaki Valley. Map: I40; Classification: B2. Significance: First prehistoric drawings recorded by a European.

Tasman Glacier. Map: H36; Classification: A3. Significance: Longest glacier in New Zealand and most accessible glacier on the east side of the Southern Alps.

Tasman Glacier Blue Lakes moraine. Map: H36; Classification: B3. Significance: An excellent and easily accessible example of moraine dammed lakes, including very good examples of ablation moraine and moraine kettles.

Tasman River outwash plain. Map: H37; Classification: C3. Significance: One of the biggest fluvio-glacial outwash plains in New Zealand.

The Brothers volcanic plug. Map: K36; Classification: C3. Significance: The youngest volcanic rocks in the Mt Somers area, well exposed. Forming a prominent small hill.

The Cathedrals Rock pillars. Map: O33; Classification: B3. Significance: One of the best examples in New Zealand of large-scale badlands erosion. Prominant examples of an unusual feature, 12-16 m high.

The Desert, Clarence Valley. Map: O30; Classification: C3. Significance: A spectacular desert-like landscape of bare ground (including lag surface, gullies and rills) and poor vegetation.

Timaru fossil forest. Map: K38; Classification: C2. Significance: Good example of a late Quaternary fossil forest.

Tiptree Cottage, Harewood. Map: M35; Classification: C3. Significance: A very good example of cob construction.

Trig H Limestone. Map: K36; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent exposure of foreset crossbedding.

Trig Z Otekaike paleokarst, Kurow. Map: I40; Classification: B3. Significance: Excellent exposure of late Oligocene paleokarst and shallow water facies. Very diverse Waitakian molluscan fauna, and holostratotype for Waitakian Stage (substage of Park 1918).

Turkey Flat alluvial fan. Map: K34; Classification: B3. Significance: Best example of a low gradient alluvial fan in the country.

U Sub amydaloidal pillowed metabasalt and hyaloclastite. Map: N33; Classification: C2. Significance: Large outcrops of amygdaloidal radial jointed pillowed metabasalt and hyaloclastite with interbedded fossiliferous limestone.

Upper Tengawai River Oligocene fossils. Map: I38; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse Waitakian molluscan fauna.

Vagabonds Inn kettle lake. Map: L34; Classification: B3. Significance: A well defined kettle lake in a region of tarns and remnant moraines.

View Hill trachyte dome. Map: N36; Classification: C3. Significance: A good example of a trachyte dome.

Waihao Box and Wainono Lagoon system, Waimate. Map: J40; Classification: B2. Significance: An unusual occurrence of a lagoon and river system paralleling the coastline, but with no natural opening to the sea. Wainono Lagoon is the 4th largest barrier-enclosed coastal lagoon on the east coast of the South Island, after Lake Ellesmere, Lake Grassmere and Big Lagoon near Blenheim. The Waihao Box, an ingenious structure that helps create an opening through the gravel beach to the sea for the Waihao River, is probably the only functioning one of its kind in New Zealand and possibly in the world.

Waihao Downs Eocene molluscan fossils. Map: J40; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse Bortonian molluscan fauna.

Waihao Forks Miocene sandstones. Map: J40; Classification: A3. Significance: Indicates the maximum marine transgression in the region and contain interesting and informative synsedimentary structures.

Waihao River (South Branch) Eocene molluscan fossils. Map: J40; Classification: B2. Significance: Diverse molluscan fauna.

Waihao River Eocene deep water fossils. Map: J40; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse Kaiatan deep water molluscan fauna.

Waimakariri Paleocene Lingula and vertebrate horizon. Map: L35; Classification: B1. Significance: Richly fossiliferous, historically important locality containing the oldest New Zealand fossil bird. Unique example of lower Paleocene vertebrate horizon, containing elasmobranch tooth, fish remains, bird bone (tarso-metatarsus) and Lingula (brachiopods).

Waimakariri spillway channel. Map: L34; Classification: C3. Significance: Spillway channel exists around end of terminal moraine. A good example of a feature not common in New Zealand.

Waimakariri terminal moraine. Map: L34; Classification: C3. Significance: The best example of terminal moraine in the Waimakariri and Rakaia basins. Moraine from the terminal position of the Poulter advance of about 14,000 years ago. The moraine dammed the Waimakariri River and formed glacial Lake Speight.

Waimangarara River offset terrace surface (Hope Fault). Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of an active fault scarp on the Hope Fault.

Waipara River Cretaceous "Saurian Beds". Map: M34; Classification: A2. Significance: The most prolific, easily accessible late Cretaceous marine reptile locality in New Zealand.

Waipara River Cretaceous-Paleocene sequence. Map: M34; Classification: A3. Significance: One of the most complete and well exposed K-T sequences in New Zealand. Diverse microfauna, including type locality for various species. Holostratotype of Teurian Stage.

Waipara River mouth coastal features. Map: N34; Classification: C2. Significance: Mouth of the northernmost braided river draining the Canterbury Plains and only one that has an almost permanently closed barrier. An excellent locality to study a number of contemporary and relict geomorphologies typical of coastal Canterbury Plains. It has the distinction of being one of the least accessible and least visited river mouths in Canterbury.

Waitaki River braids. Map: J41; Classification: C3. Significance: Well defined braids in river.

Waitohi River Bridge pillow lava amygdales. Map: M33; Classification: C2. Significance: Excellent examples of calcite and chlorite filled spherical amygdales in Triassic pillow lava.

Warder block field. Map: O31; Classification: C3. Significance: Good example of a block field.

Waterton coastal dongas. Map: L37; Classification: B2. Significance: One of best areas of coastal gullies (dongas) that characterise the coast from Rakaia River to Rangitata River mouths.

Weka Creek Miocene shellbeds. Map: M34; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse molluscs in shellbeds of Altonian and Waiauan ages. Well-marked disconformity.

Weka Pass corrugated folds. Map: M33; Classification: B3. Significance: An example of corrugation folds.

Weka Pass paraconformity. Map: M33; Classification: C3. Significance: Exposure of a paraconformity.

Weka Pass Timpendean shelter rock drawings. Map: M33; Classification: C2. Significance: First prehistoric rock drawings discovered in the Weka Pass area.

Whalers Bay uplifted sea cave. Map: O31; Classification: C2. Significance: Excellent example of a Holocene sea cave that has been uplifted above sea level by recent tectonic upheavals.

Wharekuri Fault. Map: I40; Classification: C3. Significance: Late Quaternary oblique slip fault characterised by horizontally offset stream gullies and spurs, and fault depression near range front to S. Secondary faulting (1 m dip slip-E side up on 70 degree reverse fault) and folding normal to fault trend. Does not displace latest Otiran surface.

Whisky Cove cinder cone. Map: N36; Classification: C3. Significance: Well exposed section through a cinder cone.

White Rock River Miocene molluscan fossils. Map: J39; Classification: B3. Significance: Diverse Altonian molluscan fauna.

White's Creek Eocene macrofossils. Map: L35; Classification: B3. Significance: Only diverse Mangaoparan macrofauna in mainland New Zealand.

Winding Creek moraine. Map: L34; Classification: A3. Significance: A little modified sequence of terminal and lateral moraines from a lobe of Blackwater ice.

Winterslow Homestead Oligocene limestone-basalt sequence. Map: K36; Classification: C2. Significance: Unusual well-exposed sequence of interbedded basalt flows, tuffs, limestone and sandstone.